PASSIVE VOICE
General form of passive :
for simple tenses
To be + past participle (V3)
for continuous tenses
to be + being + past participle (V3)
EXAMPLES of PASSIVE SENTENCES IN DIFFERENT TENSES
Simple Present
The building is repainted .
Present Continuous
The building is being repainted.
Simple Past
The building was repainted.
Past Continuous
The building was being repainted.
Simple Present Future
The building will be repainted.
Present Future Continuous
The building will be being repainted .
Simple Present Perfect
The building has been repainted.
Present Perfect Continuous
The building has been being repainted.
Simple Past Perfect
The building had been repainted.
Past Perfect Continuous
The building had been being repainted.
Simple Past Future
The building would be repainted.
Past Future Continuous
The building would be being repainted.
Simple Present Future Perfect
The building will have been repainted.
Present Future Perfect Continuous
The building will have been being repainted.
Simple Past Future Perfect
The building would have been repainted.
Past Future Perfect Continuous
The building would have been being repainted.
Modal Auxiliaries
The building should be repainted.
The building must be repainted.
- Passive with BY + AGENT
AGENT is important when the speaker wants to emphasize who or what something is done by (the doer). In most Passive Voice, however, there is no agent.
e.g. Her attitude shocked me (active)
I was shocked by her attitude (passive)
Who wrote the information? (active)
Whom was the information written by? (passive)
Look, He has arranged all the books well.
Look, all the books have been arranged well.
Sometimes, “by” is not necessary because everybody knows who does it.
- Passive in verbs with two objects
There are two possibilities of Passive when certain verb has two objects. (see the position of Noun in a sentence on chapter five)
e.g. They have already sent us the newest information. (active)
We have already been sent the newest information . (passive)
The newest information has already been sent to us. (passive)
He bought her a beautiful house (active)
She was bought a beautiful house (passive)
A beautiful house was bought for her (passive)
- Passive in sentence with Noun Clause
We can use the clause as subject or with “IT” as the introduction.
e.g. Scientists has proved that there is also an aura surrounding the plants . (active)
That there is also an aura surrounding the plants has been proved (by scientist) (passive)
It has been proved (by scientists) that there is also an aura surrounding the plants (passive)
No body knows where she has gone (active)
Where she has gone is not known (passive)
It is not known where she has gone (passive)
- Passive in Verb + Object + Infinitive construction
e.g. He asked me not to cover the whole things in the conference . (active)
I was asked not to cover the whole things in the conference. (passive)
The headmaster generally allows us to follow any competition. (active)
We are generally allowed to follow any competition by the headmaster. (Passive)
There are some verbs that can’t be converted into passive : like, want, wish, prefer.
- Passive in Verb + preposition + Object combination
he preposition will remain after the verb.
e.g. We must write to him (active)
He must be written to (passive)
You can play with these cubs quite safely (active)
These cubs can be played with quite safely (passive)
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